MANDIBULAR FRACTURES RESULTING FROM EXODONTIA OF THIRD MOLARS INCLUDED: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Mandibular fracture may be associated with exodontia of included lower third molars, often caused by excessive force, dislocation procedures, and dental elevation during surgery. In addition, mandibular fracture may occur postoperatively due to bone weakening of the associated region. It is known that there are diseases that favor the fracture of the mandibular bone by the weakening it causes, such as endocrine diseases, systemic diseases and local problems such as cysts and tumors. The mandible itself already has areas of lower resistance that may be the possible fracture sites, which are: the angle of the mandible, the condyl, the mandibular synphysis, the body and the corticosteroid process. In the literature, five possible classifications of fractures, simple fractures, branch fractures, composite fracture, simple or exposed comminuted fracture are described. The diagnosis of these fractures can be identified through physical and clinical examinations and with the help of complementary tests such as computed tomography and panoramic radiography, where it is certainly possible to indicate where the fracture is located and allow a treatment plan to be elaborated. The mandibular fracture is a rare event within dentistry, so the Dentist should have full technical-scientific knowledge and evaluate the necessary conduct for the treatment of the patient. This study aimed to review the literature of articles and books on mandibular fractures related to extraction of third lower molars included and analyze the parameters of operated anatomy.