EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE ON TUBERCULOSIS CASES FROM 2018 TO 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by one of the species that make up the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, transmitted through the airways, through respiratory droplets expelled by the so-called bacilliferous individual. The clinical picture involves asthenia, loss of appetite, night sweats, weight loss, dry or productive cough and afternoon fever. As for the diagnosis, it can be clinical, but must be confirmed through a bacteriological diagnostic test. The treatment's basic scheme is the use of four medications that will vary their duration of use according to the type of tuberculosis the patient has. Methodology: This article is an observational epidemiological study, carried out by collecting data provided by DATASUS through the Notifiable Diseases Information System, or SINAN. Results and Discussion: It was possible to observe a higher incidence of tuberculosis cases in the years 2019 and 2018, respectively, with a drop in the years 2020 and 2021, with 2022 being the year with the lowest incidence of tuberculosis, but this fact may be justified by the fact that the SINAN system was updated in February 2022, so the data provided is from the period corresponding to the months of January and February of that year, with 10 months remaining without notifications. Conclusion: With the data obtained about tuberculosis in Brazil, it is possible to understand in a more direct way the risk factors and the possibility of new interventions, promoting health and ensuring disease prevention.