ENVEJECIMIENTO INMUNOLÓGICO E IMPLICACIONES CLÍNICAS GRAVES EN LOS ANCIANOS EN COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53612/recisatec.v1i5.53Palabras clave:
causada por la infección por SARS-CoV-2, es de leve a moderadaResumen
Covid-19, causada por la infección por SARS-CoV-2, es de leve a moderada en la mayoría de las personas previamente sanas, pero puede causar enfermedades potencialmente mortales o síntomas debilitantes persistentes en algunos casos. La gravedad de COVID-19 está relacionada con la edad, con personas mayores de 65 años con mayor riesgo de requerir cuidados intensivos. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, exploratoria del tipo de literatura de revisión integradora con el objetivo de explicar el conocimiento actual sobre la interferencia del proceso de inmunosenescencia en casos de mayor gravedad por covid-19 en ancianos. El envejecimiento es una involución sistémica, incluyendo el sistema inmune, que afecta al individuo con varias comorbilidades, incluyendo comorbilidades cardíacas, pulmonares y neurológicas que agravan la vulnerabilidad. El envejecimiento se desencadena por varios mecanismos, entre los más relevantes hay una disminución de los telómeros, y el estrés oxidativo que a su vez conllevan otros escenarios como la senescencia de las células T, la disfunción mitocondrial y la inflamación crónica de bajo grado, a lo que se suma el mecanismo de acción del propio virus causante del COVID-19, como su factor clave clave que involucra a los receptores ECA-2 que tienen un cambio de expresión durante el envejecimiento, retratando las interferencias de este escenario senescente al contactar con covid-19 que contribuyen a una mayor gravedad en las personas mayores.
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